Interest Rates Essays - Mathematical Finance, Financial Markets

Interest rate essay Causes of interest rates can be explained as -deferred consumption. When money is loaned the lender delays spending the money on consumption goods. Since according to time preference theory people prefer goods now to goods later, in a free market there will be a positive interest rate. Inflationary expectations. Most economies generally exhibit inflation, meaning a given amount of money buys fewer goods in the future than it will now. The borrower needs to compensate the lender for this. Alternative investments. The lender has a choice between using his money in different investments. If he chooses one, he forgoes the returns from all the others. Different investments effectively compete for funds. Risks of investment. There is always a risk that the borrower will default on the loan. This means that a lender generally charges a risk premium to ensure that, across his investments, he is compensated for those that fail. Liquidity preference. People prefer to have their resources ava ilable in a form that can immediately be exchanged, rather than a form that takes time or money to realize. Taxes. Because some of the gains from interest may be subject to taxes, the lender may insist on a higher rate to make up for this loss. The nominal interest rate is the amount, in money terms, of interest payable. The real interest rate, which measures the purchasing power of interest receipts, is calculated by adjusting the nominal rate charged to take inflation into account. There is a market for investments which ultimately includes the money market, bond market, and stock market and currency market as well as retail financial institutions. The CAPM returns the asset-appropriate required return or discount rate - i.e. the rate at which future cash flows produced by the asset should be discounted given that asset's relative riskiness. Betas exceeding one signify more than average "riskiness"; betas below one indicate lower than average. Thus a more risky stock will have a higher beta and will be discounted at a higher rate; less sensitive stocks will have lower betas and be discounted at a lower rate. The CAPM is consistent with intuition - investors (should) require a higher return for holding a more risky asset. Since beta reflects asset-specific sensitivity to non-diversifiable, i.e. market risk, the market as a whole, by definition, has a beta of one. Stock market indices are frequently used as local proxies for the market - and in that case (by definition) have a beta of one. An investor in a large, diversified portfolio (such as a mutual fund) therefore expects performance in line with the market. The risk of a portfolio is comprised of systematic risk and specific risk. Systematic risk refers to the risk common to all securities - i.e. market risk. Specific risk is the risk associated with individual assets. Specific risk can be diversified away (specific risks "average out"); systematic risk (within one market) cannot. Depending on the market, a portfolio of approximately 15 (or more) well selected shares might be sufficiently diversified to leave the portfolio exposed to systematic risk only. A rational investor should not take on any diversifiable risk, as only non-diversifiable risks are rewarded. Therefore, the required return on an asset, that is, the return that compensates for risk taken, must be linked to its riskiness in a portfolio context - i.e. its contribution to overall portfolio riskiness - as opposed to its "stand alone riskiness." In the CAPM context, portfolio risk is represented by higher variance i.e. less predictability. Exactly how these markets function is a complex question. However, economists generally agree that the interest rates yielded by any investment take into account: ?The risk-free cost of capital ?Inflationary expectations ?The level of risk in the investment ?The costs of the transaction The risk-free cost of capital is the real interest on a risk-free loan. While no loan is ever entirely risk-free, bills issued by major nations like the United States are generally regarded as risk-free benchmarks. This rate incorporates the deferred consumption and alternative investments elements of interest. The CAPM says that the expected return of a security or a portfolio equals the rate on a risk-free security plus a risk premium. If this expected

Eleanor of Aquitaine essays

Eleanor of Aquitaine essays Eleanor of Aquitaines life spans most of the 12th century, which was when the Middle Ages were at their pinnacle. During this time kings were too weak to defend their kingdoms and their people sought refuge and protection from a strong leader. This brought about the feudal system and affected Eleanor by the fact that her father was a duke of an extremely powerful and immense fiefdom that was called Aquitaine in France. After her fathers death, Eleanor inherited Aquitaine and became one of the most significant leaders that were involved in all the great events of her era. She was also a key figure in endless quarrels between the French and English kings and was arguably the most powerful women of High Medieval Europe. Although her outspoken nature made enemies among conservatives, her beliefs were far ahead of her time and won much respect for women. Eleanor of Aquitaine was an incredibly influential character in the Middle Ages by controlling much political power through her hu sbands, impacting and enlarging the menial roles of women in society, and introducing troubadour music to the whole of France. Eleanor of Aquitaine lived between 1122 and 1204, which was during the very peak of the Middle Ages. Her father William X, a duke, was also a patron of the troubadours and storytellers. Eleanor grew up with a lifelong love of music and literature, which was credited in whole to William, who not only introduced Eleanor to music and literature, but carefully educated and created an excellent student of her. Although most men in society thought education for women was not important or beneficial, William found education very significant to both sexes and was proud that Eleanor liked to learn and quickly picked up her studies. Williams travels through Aquitaine were always accompanied by Eleanor to prepare her for her future role as duchess. Eleanors mother was Aenor Aimery, whom Eleanor was name...

Area and Volume

5 ? x ? 0. 5. Find the area of the region enclosed by the graphs of f and g. (Total 6 marks) 2. Let f(x) = Aekx + 3. Part of the graph of f is shown below. The y-intercept is at (0, 13). (a)Show that A =10. (2) (b)Given that f(15) = 3. 49 (correct to 3 significant figures), find the value of k. (3) (c)(i)Using your value of k, find f? (x). (ii)Hence, explain why f is a decreasing function. iii)Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote of the graph f. (5) Let g(x) = –x2 + 12x – 24. (d)Find the area enclosed by the graphs of f and g. (6) (Total 16 marks) 3. The following diagram shows the graphs of f (x) = ln (3x – 2) + 1 and g (x) = – 4 cos (0. 5x) + 2, for 1 ? x ? 10. (a)Let A be the area of the region enclosed by the curves of f and g. (i)Find an expression for A. (ii)Calculate the value of A. (6) (b)(i)Find f ? (x). (ii)Find g? (x). (4) c)There are two values of x for which the gradient of f is equal to the gradient of g. Find both these values of x. (4) (Total 14 marks) 4. The graph of f(x) = , for –2 ? x ? 2, is shown below. The region enclosed by the curve of f and the x-axis is rotated 360Â ° about the x-axis. Find the volume of the solid formed. (Total 6 marks) 5. The graph of y = between x = 0 and x = a is rotated 360Â ° about the x-axis. The volume of the solid formed is 32?. Find the value of a. (Total 7 marks) Area and Volume 5 ? x ? 0. 5. Find the area of the region enclosed by the graphs of f and g. (Total 6 marks) 2. Let f(x) = Aekx + 3. Part of the graph of f is shown below. The y-intercept is at (0, 13). (a)Show that A =10. (2) (b)Given that f(15) = 3. 49 (correct to 3 significant figures), find the value of k. (3) (c)(i)Using your value of k, find f? (x). (ii)Hence, explain why f is a decreasing function. iii)Write down the equation of the horizontal asymptote of the graph f. (5) Let g(x) = –x2 + 12x – 24. (d)Find the area enclosed by the graphs of f and g. (6) (Total 16 marks) 3. The following diagram shows the graphs of f (x) = ln (3x – 2) + 1 and g (x) = – 4 cos (0. 5x) + 2, for 1 ? x ? 10. (a)Let A be the area of the region enclosed by the curves of f and g. (i)Find an expression for A. (ii)Calculate the value of A. (6) (b)(i)Find f ? (x). (ii)Find g? (x). (4) c)There are two values of x for which the gradient of f is equal to the gradient of g. Find both these values of x. (4) (Total 14 marks) 4. The graph of f(x) = , for –2 ? x ? 2, is shown below. The region enclosed by the curve of f and the x-axis is rotated 360Â ° about the x-axis. Find the volume of the solid formed. (Total 6 marks) 5. The graph of y = between x = 0 and x = a is rotated 360Â ° about the x-axis. The volume of the solid formed is 32?. Find the value of a. (Total 7 marks)

Choose any organisation of your choice and as external observer of the Essay

Choose any organisation of your choice and as external observer of the organization undertake critical analysis of the following functions and make recommendations for improvement - Essay Example Another important function of human resource department is to handle the grievances of the employees so that they can feel like they are treasured by the company and become loyal employees. Marriot International is considered to be one of the leading hotel chains and franchise providers in the world. It has over 3400 lodging properties in 70 countries around the globe. The headquarters of Marriot are at Maryland, USA and had around 137,000 employees under their name by the end of year 2009 (Marriott News Center 2009). It has sustained its position as a quality service provider and this has been possible due to its strong infrastructure. According to Marriott Management Philosophy; a successful business cannot be run if employees do not know how to manage people (Elwell n.d.). Therefore they consider good management and trained personnel to be great assets. They provide a range of services namely; hotels, airline food service, business and events food service etc. It is vital to devise an efficient HR Strategy so that the company can hire talented professionals, retain them by keeping them satisfied and make arrangements for their training and development. This helps the company to gain profits and competitive advantage in the market. An effective HR strategy is based on the following key points (Clapper 2010); Companies around the world have realized the need to merge the strategic and human resource planning activities (Ulrich 1992). Marriot believes in the amalgamation of these activities to separate themselves from the rest of the companies in the hotel industry. Such a strategy was visible when Marriot expanded their business to Hong Kong. There were already numerous organizations running successful businesses in the hotel industry therefore they knew that efficient HR strategies would have to be implemented to succeed in that region. Even hiring competent individuals was a task in its own since all of them were already working successfully for

Sixteenth century female sexuality and their impact on Shakespeare's Research Paper

Sixteenth century female sexuality and their impact on Shakespeare's tragedy - Research Paper Example Definitely, one would assume to see gender contemplations exposed in Shakespeare’s works as distresses about the female gender, forming one of the crucial social considerations of Shakespeare’s normal life. Shakespeare, a popular and political writer, can hardly refrain himself from the common societal worries. In two of Shakespeare’s tragedies, Hamlet and Macbeth, he openly suggests the danger of female participation in sovereign level politics. He dramatizes real political concerns that came out during queen Elizabeth Tudors’ reign through the marriage of Gertrude to Hamlet’s uncle because of Lady Macbeth’s ambitious political career (Waddington 42). The sixteenth century leadership was invoked mostly by tensions aptly captured by Shakespeare, where Hamlet and Macbeth who do not make open political remarks about Elizabeth Tudor’s monarchy. In their book Shakespeare’s politics Allan Bloom and Harry V. Jaffa disparage and emphas ize the drawbacks of construing Shakespeare within historical terms (Archer, Culpeper, and Rayson 7). However, they agree that Shakespeare’s works produced a precise thematic image of current social concerns. This is highly agreeable to many other different authors who also contend that historical portrayal cannot be disregarded as it is quite weighty. Leonard’s book, Tennee house; power on display; the politics of Shakespeare’s genres, projects that Shakespeare’s literary works cannot be separated from the aspect of him being a Renaissance individual and dramatist where female discrimination was on the zenith (Archer, Culpeper, and Rayson 11). Shakespeare also portrays that female role did not have steadiness and thus confined an intrinsic danger as the Tudor monarchy is regularly clouded by shakiness and problems, for example, the failed marriage of Mary and Tudor’s uncertainty sentiment to matrimony (Waddington 67). This instability caused hyped anxiety among the Englishmen who are able relate negatively to the fitness of the Elizabethan rule. To some extent, the gender or the queen herself as a female leader was illustrated as insolvent to stable rule of the state. The literary works of Shakespeare also to some extent question the queen’s ability to lead the state through war and even her authority over her male subjects. This aspect also paints how male chauvinism had clouded the sixteenth century societies (Waddington 68). Even the queen to pass over the mantle to the next heir or her husband was questioned widely. Through the plays, Hamlet and Macbeth’s political ambitions lead to political instability of the state and disruption of the natural harmony. Lady Macbeth’s lethal political ambitions eventually constrain the state’s political culture and further diffuse the role of females in the sixteenth century societies as she is rendered as someone who can go to extreme limits just for self-w ant and enrichment (Waddington 104). Her subversive attempts finally convince her husband to assassinate the current monarch, and through this plot, she assumes power as the queen and her husband, the king, and acts as she did not know of what transpired. Therefore, Lady Macbeth’s female ambitions depict a negative connection of the females within the sixteenth century. All these female characteristics can also be alluded to the biblical writing where females like Delilah were shown as symbols of treachery and slyness. Herod’

Cultural Events and Savings Essay Example for Free

Cultural Events and Savings Essay The article â€Å"Cultural Events and Differences: Evidence from Immigrants to the United Arab Emirates† is catches attention, because it provides through examination of main reasons of immigration and touches the living conditions and experience of being an immigrant. It is known that the potential of UAE is growing and thus the country has to be studied and its policy should be evaluated. Furthermore, the article is interesting, because it examines impact o foreign region ob immigrant’s behavioral patterns and provides examples from different countries. Actually, the article raises debates whether immigrants should adapt to foreign culture or to preserve their culture. Moreover, the strength of the article is that is investigates the nature of savings. Certainly, this article contains lots of new interesting and relevant material for contemporary world, because public is interested in what is going on in Arab world. It is interesting to know, for example, that immigrants from developing countries tend to be more uniform regarding education, age, household and occupation, though they are provided with lower income than that of Arab countries. Nevertheless, the differences in national savings haven’t been investigated yet. The authors of the article suggest that UAE completely depends on immigrant workers.   Apparently, cultural factors have strong impact on governmental policies, partly because they tend to influence saving behavior in the long run in the countries which are considered ethnically diverse. Nevertheless, cultural factors play rather important, though not dominant role in determining differences in household savings. The authors provide several conclusions: the level of per capital income and growth income influences the ability to save; interest rates and inflation rates appear to be insignificant. The article refers to â€Å"Legal, Technological and Political Force† as it examines the impact of cultural differences on the governmental policy within UAE. The article provides information regarding political and economic forces caused the increase of immigration. References Al-Wad, M. Elhiraika, A. (2003, July). Cultural Events and Differences: Evidence from Immigrants to the United Arab Emirates. The Journal of Development Studies, 39, 5, 139-151.

Kerry Group Case Analysis Essay -- essays research papers

The Kerry Group began over thirty years ago in the south west region of Ireland. Beginning as a dairy and ingredients plant the company has now flourished into a global leader in the food ingredients and flavor products area. Kerry Group is headquartered in Tralee, Ireland and through its manufacturing, sales, and technical centers around the world, employs over 20,000 people. The company supplies over 10,000 food, food ingredients and other flavor products to customers in over 140 countries. Kerry Group also has manufacturing and sales facilities in over 20 countries. When Ireland joined the EEC or European Economic Community in 1973 many small dairies began to merge in order to compete with the larger dairy producing companies. Kerry also participated in the mergers with help from the milk suppliers of the County. Kerry acquired the State owned milk processing company along with its creameries. The Group also held a 42.5% stake in the NKMP Company for a total of 1.5 million Euros. At the same time, six of the eight independent Co-ops, which owned the other 42.5% stake, were acquired and became a new subsidiary of the Kerry Co-operative Creameries Ltd, which began trading in 1974. Kerry began as the smallest of six agricultural co-ops, a position that was soon to change. As Kerry began growing they developed some key values in the SWOT (strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats) analysis that are the backbone for the success of the Kerry Group. The major strength of the Kerry Group is procurement. Procurement allows Kerry to use available global resources in specialty ingredients, seasonings, coating systems, sweet ingredients, nutritional systems, and specialty proteins; by doing this they are able to acquire the highest-quality raw materials. Another strength of Kerry is technological development. Through technological development Kerry is able to develop flavors and gain an advantage over the competition. Kerry gains this technological advantage through research and development and acquisitions. The weaknesses of Kerry Group include the firm infrastructure. The Group’s debt-to-equity ratio is inordinately high for a company of Kerry’s size. Another weakness is in Kerry’s Human Resource Management division. Management e ncourages the employees to think â€Å"Kerry† or in sense be â€Å"Kerryized,† if employees do not follow this style of thinking they are ... ...leader in its selected markets through creativity and superior customer service. The Group is continuing to focus many efforts to expand its presence in global food and ingredients markets and its consumer foods businesses in Europe and abroad. The Kerry Group has recently put into action plans to purchase a specialty foods company in China that is expected to reach an additional 1.3 billion new customers. This venture will be a huge step for Kerry Group because it will be completely localized (a multi-domestic strategy), in that all business operations are expected to be turned over to the new facilities in China by the end of 2006.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Today, Kerry has emerged into a leader in the food processing and ingredients business, reaching its goal set in the early 1980’s. The group has five basic areas of business; which include Kerry Ingredients, Kerry Bio-Science, Kerry Foods, Kerry Agribusiness, and Mastertaste. If Kerry group continues to build from their corporate and business level strategies and continues to evaluate their SWOT analysis they will stay ahead of the competition and continue to remain a leader in the food ingredients and processing sector.

12 Table of Roman Law Essay

As advanced civilizations developed throughout the world, a common trend was observed regardless of time and location. That trend was the development of a law and government. Each civilization developed some form of law, the Babylonians had Hammurabi’s Code, the Hebrew had Mosaic Law, and the Greeks had the Draconian Law. Although these were all great forms of law, one of the most important advances in legal history was the Romans and their development of the 12 Tables of Roman Law. The 12 tables of Roman law reflect the social structure, government, and moral values of the Roman Empire. The 12 tables of Roman law provide an ample amount of evidence to support the idea that the Romans had a distinct social structure. When one analyzes the 12 tables of Roman law it is clear that the romans perceived women, slaves and even children to be inferior beings, which meant they were at the bottom of the social hierarchy. Table 5 Law 1 is one example of how the women were socially viewed in Roman society. Table 5 Law 1 states â€Å"Females should remain in guardianship even when they have attained their majority†. 1 This meant all females immediately had to transfer from the guardianship of their fathers to the guardianship of their husbands. By the same token, women also did not have any control over the wealth or land that the family owned, which makes it evident that they were not trusted or respected as independently acting individual or as equals with the males of society. Additionally, women had no control over the fate of her children. This is made evident based off the information given in Table 4 Law 1 where it states, â€Å"A dreadfully deformed child shall be quickly killed.† 2 The law does not set a clear standard as to what is considered a deformity therefore, the decision was always left up to the male to decide if a child should be killed or not. The ideals and moral values of the Romans also can be found in the examination of the 12 tables of the Roman law. The romans were a very ruthless civilization. This ruthless mindset is most evident in Table 4 Law 1 where it states â€Å"A dreadfully deformed child shall be quickly killed†3 The romans believed that once a young boy reached adulthood, it was his duty to serve in the military. Therefore, if a boy was born with deformities or not perceived as strong enough to become a solider he was killed. Another ideal or moral value that is evident in the 12 tables of Roman law is the belief of honoring your word and repaying debts. Several of  the roman laws address the summoning of one to court. Table 1 Law 2 states â€Å"if he shrinks or runs away let the summoner lay hands on him†4. This law gave the summoner the authority to physically punish the summoned if he decided to run or hide when called to come to court. From this law and others like it in Table 1, it can be implied that the Roman civilization valued integrity and honesty. The establishment of a strong government is also evident from the 12 Tables of Roman law. The Law of the Twelve Tables was the ancient legislation that stood at the foundation of Roman law. Although the 12 tables of Roman law were not perfect, due to its early time of creation, they still needed a strong central government to enforce this legislation. The many laws about landownership in the Tables also make it very apparent that the government was greatly influenced by the opinions of local wealthy landowners. This means that the early Roman government was most likely an Oligarchy. Since they were an Oligarchy the parliament and landowners met together to make important decisions for the Roman Empire. In conclusion, the 12 table of Roman law had a great effect on the social structure, government, and moral values of the Roman Empire. The impact that these 12 Tables have had on future legislations and the Roman Empire is profound.

Overview of Conflicts of Interest Essay

Confidentiality is also something that some volunteers of the Remedios AIDS Foundation should also learn. Although many officers of this NGO advocate confidentiality, many of its volunteers could still breach this ethical code, thus further isolating prospective clients. It is a well-known fact that the life of the first Filipino AIDS victim was made into a commercial movie, and had attracted thousands of audience – making it seem like a carnival show. This is precisely the kind of stigma that HIV/AIDS victims is afraid of, and something that the Remedios AIDS Foundation – and many other NGOs dealing with this disease — is trying to work out. The Remedios AIDS Foundation is also faced with the dilemma on how to conduct research without exposing the patients to various risks (CIOMS 1993). As an NGO that do social and medical research, it has to ensure that HIV/AIDS patients must also benefit from its studies. It is unethical to expose subjects to the risks of participating in a research study unless the design is sufficiently rigorous that the results will be valid and generalizable (U. S. National Commission for the Protection of the Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research). Another critical ethical consideration that must be dealt with accordingly by the Remedios AIDS Foundation is how to maintain objectivity in front of emotional patients. Culturally speaking, the Filipino people tend to be emphatic of each other’s plights, thus it is not an isolated case to find volunteers who are emotionally affected by the conditions of HIV/AIDS patients. This eventually leads them to quit from their volunteer work and/or to be personally involved in their patients’ cases, which often clouds their critical judgment. Applications The best thing to do here is to implement an intensive and extensive information campaign on AIDS and the advantages of belonging to a core group that can emotionally and physically assist the AIDS victims. Moreover, volunteers of the Remedios AIDS Foundation should also undergo intensive training and education on how to properly deal with HIV/AIDS patients. It must be noted that these patients are already wrapped in insecurity and treating them with slight uncertainty will only decrease their self-confidence. To meet the ethical obligations for research, on the other hand, this NGO must conduct studies whose sample sizes must be adequate. Suitable study endpoints must also be selected. It must also ensure that clinical trials must undergo preliminary laboratory and animal research. It must always take into consideration that research with human participants raises ethical concerns because people accept risks and inconvenience to advance scientific knowledge and to benefit others (Lo 2000). Social researchers of this NGO must also learn how to use language that is not offensive to study participants. Conclusion As one of the NGOs at the forefront of combating HIV/AIDS in the Philippines, the Remedios AIDS Foundation is faced with many ethical dilemmas that it is trying to overcome one by one. Although it is difficult to do in this largely Catholic country where promiscuity is being strongly detested and HIV/AIDS is being associated with promiscuity, it continues to embark on a rigorous warfare against HIV/AIDS in the country. Everything is an uphill battle because social norms and religiosity keep HIV/AIDS patients from coming forward in the open to seek for help. The NGO is looking for ways and means to solve this problem without losing its focus. As the officers and volunteers of the Remedios AIDS Foundation are also mostly Catholics, they also have to be able to move around their religious beliefs in order to stop being discriminatory to HIV/AIDS patients. They also have to ensure that their researchers are well-trained to avoid offending study participants and this can only be done by conducting intensive trainings. Lastly, objectivity should also be encouraged to avoid personal involvement in patients’ predicament. This last ethical issue should be encouraged to avoid conflict of interest on the part of the NGO. In the end, the officers and volunteers of this NGO are cognizant of the fact that unless these ethical concerns are addressed, their fight against HIV/AIDS will never be successful. References: Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences (CIOMS). (1993) International Ethical Guidelines for Biomedical Research Involving Human Subjects. Geneva. de Bruyn, T. (1998) HIV/AIDS and Discrimination: A Discussion Paper. Montreal: Canadian HIV/AIDS Legal Network & Canadian AIDS Society. Lo B. (2000) Overview of Conflicts of Interest. In Resolving Ethical Dilemmas: A Guide for Clinicians. 2nd ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins. Reproductive Health Outlook. (1997) HIV/AIDS Key Issues. Retrieved May 30, 2006 from http://www. rho. org/html/hiv_aids_keyissues. html U. S. National Commission for the Protection of Human Subjects of Biomedical and Behavioral Research. (1978) The Belmont Report: Ethical Principles and Guidelines for the Protection of Human Subjects of Research. Washington, D. C. : Dept. of Health, Education and Welfare. The Offical Website of the Remedios AIDS Foundation. (1991) http://www.remedios.com.ph/

Hitler1 essays

Hitler1 essays Have you ever wanted to know what made Hitler go bad? Most people use the normal excuse that his childhood was the cause of all of his troubles. However, the information in this report should prove that theory wrong. He was a good student in his early school years and had dreams of becoming an artist. Adolf actually had a pretty normal childhood. On April 20, 1889, Adolf Hitler was born in the small Austrian city of Branau. His father, Alois, worked as customs official, checking goods traded between Austria and Germany. Alois was promoted which resulted in a transfer. First, to Passau and the to Linz. Adolf and the rest of the family did not follow him to Linz, but stayed in Passau. (Rubenstein; pgs 3-4) Because of the new baby in the house and his father moving to Linz, in 1894, Adolf gained a lot of freedom from his parents' supervision. With all of his freedom, he learned a Bavarian dialect of German while playing with the little German children or running around by himself. This later became useful during his scheme to take over the world. This freedom continued for over a year while his family was separated. (Rubenstein; pg 6) Even as a child Adolf had the making of a leader. He was a good student in elementary school and was always a leader during games being played. He especially enjoyed battle-type games the most and often organized his classmates into "battles." In his book, Mein Kampf, he wrote: "I believe that even my oratorical talent was being developed in the form of more or less violent arguments with my schoolmates. I had become a little ring leader" (Rubenstein; pg 7) It was around this time when Adolf discovered his talent for art. He would dazzle his friends with sketches he would draw while others were doing their work. Although his secret dream was to become an artist, his father wanted him to be a civil servant. Because of his father's wishes, Adolf attended Realsc ...

Robert Moses Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Robert Moses - Research Paper Example Robert attracted several top titles that he used to power his projects. He was the president to the Long Island Park Commission in 1924, and he later took the chairmanship of the State parks council. As the chairman of States Parks Council, Robert used his position to build many public parks in New York. His focus was to improve Long Island by appropriating land and building parkways. Southern State Parkway, Northern State Parkway and Jones Beach State park, were part of the places that Moses wanted to take his projects (Joann, 1989). His intention was to build three bridges that would connect Manhattan, the Bronx and Queens. By the time, he was removed from power, Moses had constructed more than ten bridges parkways and many recreational facilities. Moses also came up with the idea of building skyscrapers to give more land for the construction of public facilities. His work had a considerable impact to the people in New York and Long Island because he connected the island to the mainland by constructing bridges and tunnels (Joann, 1989). He provided the public with several play grounds and recreational parks, as well as an effective transport system. Further, he facilitated the flow of traffic in New York by constructing thousands of Kilometers of parkways. However, one of his projects led to the destruction of private houses, and this brought a negative impact to his public favor (Joann, 1989). I gain the impression that Robert was a strong personality who was determined to bring development to everyone. He a man who would sacrifice the interest of a few if what he was chasing would benefit the majority. Moses was also capable of building strong connections that would protect him when the influential people wanted to ruin his career. I also realize that Moses was vengeful to those people who stood in his way. Today’s planning processes are different from the ones that Moses applied. Today, an extensive survey, is done to account for the people’s

Strategic HRM Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3750 words

Strategic HRM - Essay Example The only difference is that in the game of business, teams compete against one another for customers, innovations, employees, and ultimately the profit margin they are able to accrue at the end of the day. The other difference is the time frame, whereas in sports the game is over a defined period of time, in the business, the time frame is unlimited as long as the business exists. Just like in the sports, the business empires that win indicate consistency in their preparation, planning, and skills in their execution plans. These business organizations do understand best their positions, where they are aiming at, and how they want to achieve their aim. It is also important to note that these winning business firms have constant touch with the customers needs and how to comply, the technological advancement that are relevant to the business as well as the market trends and innovations that will enable them be ahead of the park compared to their competitors in the market (Wal-Mart, 2011 ). Business organization then have to keep pondering on how best the cardinal factors in the business can be best satisfied to make then take the lead in either service delivery or product delivery to the customers. In this regard, all business owes allegiance to a strategy either planned or unplanned, strategy in this case is the language that implies a game plan. A business strategy is the lifeline of a business organization that drives both the short- term and the long-term projection and determines the success of the business in an ever-changing business environment and stringent competition. Overview of Wal-Mart Company Wal-Mart boost of being one of the largest family owned multinational retail cooperation. It is an American company having been founded in 1962 by Sam Walton. Walton family is arguably the leading shareholders in the cooperation, as they own about 48% of the total share of the business empire. The incorporation of the business took place in the year 1969 and by 1972 its shares were floated in the New York Stock Exchange for public trading (Wal-Mart, 2011). The corporation was branded Wal-Mart in 2008 having relinquished its former name of Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. in pursuit of the Forbes Global 2000, Wal-Mart was ranked 18th in the perking order of the largest public corporations in the world and the leading in the US. The cooperation also employs about two million employees which makes it one of the world largest private employers. The headquarters of the business is at Bentonville, Arkansas. In the United States, it is considered one of the leading grocery retailers having in the year 2009 collected 51% of the total sales it realized in the year i.e. US$ 258 billions. This percentage sale was realized on the grocery sale alone. Wal-Mart scope of operation in the global is equally expansive, it has a total of 8,500 functioning store in 15 countries operating under different references. In the United States for instance, the company operates under the name Wal-Mart including the 50 states of the US. In India the company is called Best Price, Mexico, its called Walmex, in UK it’s referred to as Asda while in Japan, it is referred to as Seiyu. Wal-Mart has expansive and extensive operation in Canada, Brazil, and Argentina (Wal-Mart, 2011). While in the North America, the business has registered performance of varied